Carnival glass

Carnival glass is a type of iridescent glassware that was produced primarily in the United States during the early 20th century. This glass is characterized by its shimmering, metallic surface, which is achieved through the application of metallic salts while the glass is still hot. The technique was initially developed by the Fenton Art Glass Company in 1907, and it quickly gained popularity due to its affordability and decorative appeal. The iridescence of carnival glass is reminiscent of the natural sheen found in soap bubbles or oil slicks, which is a result of light interference on the thin metallic coating.

The production of carnival glass involved pressing molten glass into molds to create various patterns and shapes, followed by the application of the metallic salts. Common colors included marigold, amethyst, cobalt blue, and green, although a wide range of hues was produced. The glass was often used to create household items such as bowls, vases, and plates, and it was frequently given away as prizes at carnivals, which is how it earned its name.

Notable manufacturers of carnival glass, besides Fenton Art Glass Company, included Northwood Glass Company, Imperial Glass Company, and Dugan Glass Company. Each manufacturer developed distinctive patterns and color variations, contributing to the wide variety of carnival glass available to collectors today. The popularity of carnival glass waned by the 1930s, but it remains a subject of interest for collectors and historians due to its unique aesthetic and the technical skill involved in its production.